A case report entitled : Myelodysplastic syndrome-post-cytotoxic therapy for pediatric low-grade glioma authored by Phoebe Power, Susannah Payne, Rebecca Walsh, Adam Nelson & Neevika Manoharan from Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, USA and Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Australia has been published in Child’s Nervous System

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Abstract

Myeloid neoplasms-post cytotoxic therapy (MN-pCT, previously therapy-related myeloid neoplasms/tMN), are secondary malignancies associated with prior chemotherapy treatment, historically carrying a very poor prognosis. These are rarely associated with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors, usually high-grade CNS malignancies requiring intensive multimodal treatment. Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) are the most common childhood CNS tumors, and up to 50% of patients will require adjuvant therapy, which has traditionally consisted of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy, though the recent identification of key molecular drivers of pLGG means targeted therapies are changing this paradigm. We present a novel case of a 17-year-old girl with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome following chemotherapeutic treatment for pLGG. Given the poor prognosis of MN-pCTs, this case represents an important note of caution when choosing appropriate therapy for pLGG, especially considering the evolving role for targeted treatments in this disease.